Dysmenorrhea

What is it?

Dysmenorrhea (dis-men-uh-ree-uh) is also known as cramps or menstrual (men-strull) cramps. Cramps are the pain in the lower abdomen (belly) which often occurs during your monthly period. The cramps usually go away 1 to 2 days after the start of your period. Cramps during your period often become less painful as you get older.

Causes:

The uterus tightens to push blood out of the uterus (womb) once a month. Menstrual cramps may be caused by a tightening of the muscles of the uterus. This tightening causes pain in the lower abdomen which sometimes spreads to the back and legs. You may have pain when the cervix (bottom part of the uterus) opens to pass blood clots. An infection or a tumor may also cause you to have cramps.

Signs and Symptoms:

You may have dull or sharp pain in the lower abdomen, back, or legs. You may have nausea (upset stomach), vomiting (throwing up), or diarrhea with your cramps. Or you may feel tired and irritable.

Care:

A heating pad (set on low) and pain medicine may be used for your menstrual cramps. You may need to have a pelvic exam (an "internal") if you are having bad pain. A pelvic exam is done to check your female organs for problems.

Do's and Don'ts:

There is usually no way to keep from getting cramps. Getting regular exercise and controlling your stress may help to lessen your menstrual pain.